1200 táján Anonymus említi először Diósgyőr nevét: „miután Árpád fejedelem seregével elhagyta Szerencset (…).
A jelenleg álló várat valószínűleg IV. Béla várépítési kezdeményezése után kezdték építeni. 1316-ban Wywar vagyis Újvár néven említik, ez is arra utal, hogy korábbi földvár helyére épült.
A diósgyőri vár fénykora I. Lajos király uralkodása alatt kezdődött. A vár főként azért tett szert jelentőségre, mert a Magyarországról Lengyelországba vezető út egyik állomása volt (Nagy Lajos édesanyja, Lokietek Erzsébet lengyel hercegnő volt; maga Nagy Lajos 1370-ben lengyel király lett). A vár egyetlen név szerint ismert építőmestere Ambrus mester.
1381. november 26-án a diósgyőri várban írták alá a torinói békét, amelyben Velence városa kötelezte magát, hogy vasárnap és ünnepnapokon felvonja az Anjou-lobogót a Szent Márk téren. Az eseményt panoptikum örökíti meg a diósgyőri vár északkeleti tornyában.
The first castle was probably built in the 12th century, it's likely that it was an earthwork castle and was destroyed during the Mongol invasion (1241–1242.) The castle that stands today was probably built by King Béla IV, who, after the Mongols left the country, ordered that a castle has to be built on every hilltop. In the earliest times the castle was an oval structure with a rounded donjon, surrounded by a polygonal outer wall. In 1316 it was mentioned as "new castle", which confirms the theory that it was built in place of a destroyed castle. Judging from a document listing the taxes paid by towns in 1330 it seems the town around the castle was one of the richest towns of the county.
The castle had its prime during the reign of Louis I (Louis the Great). Its importance lay in standing near the road leading to Poland (the mother of Louis the Great, Elizabeth Lokietkówna, was a Polish princess; Louis himself became King of Poland in 1370.) The king had the castle rebuilt and modernised. Surrounded by several walls, the inner castle was built around a rectangular courtyard, and it had four towers, one on each corner. On the first floor were the storerooms and on the second floor were the rooms and the Knights' Hall, which was 25 meters long and 13 meters wide. The modernising of the castle was finished under the reign of Louis' daughter Mary. The castle was surrounded by a 4 metre deep moat.
In 1364 the nearby town Miskolc was annexed to the Diósgyőr estate. In 1381 the Peace Treaty of Turin was signed in the castle of Diósgyőr. In the treaty the Italian town of Venice was compelled to raise the flag of the Anjou dynasty on the St. Mark square every Sunday. In the north-eastern tower of the castle there is a waxworks exhibition showing the wax figures of King Louis and the Venetian envoy.
Diósgyőr lost some of its importance when the personal union between Hungary and Poland ended (Louis shared the two countries between his two daughters Mary and Jadwiga.) For the next few centuries the castle was a holiday residence for queens. The last queen owning the castle was Maria, wife of Louis II. She gave up the castle formally in 1546 (by this time it has been occupied by the ruling prince of Transylvania.)
When the Ottoman army began to occupy the southern territories of Hungary, the castle was fortified. Its owners, the Gyarmati Balassa family turned it into a large fortress, and they had an Italian-style rondelle built to the north-western tower. The slim turrets were replaced by strong bastions. This was the last time the castle was rebuilt; after 1564 the owners changed frequently, and the castle slowly deteriorated. In 1596 the Ottoman army occupied the Castle of Eger and defeated the Christian army at Mezőkeresztes. The castle of Diósgyőr fell too; it was built to be a holiday residence and was never intended to be a large fortress that withstands the siege of a foreign army. From this time Diósgyőr was under Ottoman occupation and the area was ruled by the Pasha of Eger until 1687 when this part of the country was freed from Turkish rule. By this time the castle lost all of its military importance.
A diósgyőri vár fénykora I. Lajos király uralkodása alatt kezdődött. A vár főként azért tett szert jelentőségre, mert a Magyarországról Lengyelországba vezető út egyik állomása volt (Nagy Lajos édesanyja, Lokietek Erzsébet lengyel hercegnő volt; maga Nagy Lajos 1370-ben lengyel király lett). A vár egyetlen név szerint ismert építőmestere Ambrus mester.
1381. november 26-án a diósgyőri várban írták alá a torinói békét, amelyben Velence városa kötelezte magát, hogy vasárnap és ünnepnapokon felvonja az Anjou-lobogót a Szent Márk téren. Az eseményt panoptikum örökíti meg a diósgyőri vár északkeleti tornyában.
The first castle was probably built in the 12th century, it's likely that it was an earthwork castle and was destroyed during the Mongol invasion (1241–1242.) The castle that stands today was probably built by King Béla IV, who, after the Mongols left the country, ordered that a castle has to be built on every hilltop. In the earliest times the castle was an oval structure with a rounded donjon, surrounded by a polygonal outer wall. In 1316 it was mentioned as "new castle", which confirms the theory that it was built in place of a destroyed castle. Judging from a document listing the taxes paid by towns in 1330 it seems the town around the castle was one of the richest towns of the county.
The castle had its prime during the reign of Louis I (Louis the Great). Its importance lay in standing near the road leading to Poland (the mother of Louis the Great, Elizabeth Lokietkówna, was a Polish princess; Louis himself became King of Poland in 1370.) The king had the castle rebuilt and modernised. Surrounded by several walls, the inner castle was built around a rectangular courtyard, and it had four towers, one on each corner. On the first floor were the storerooms and on the second floor were the rooms and the Knights' Hall, which was 25 meters long and 13 meters wide. The modernising of the castle was finished under the reign of Louis' daughter Mary. The castle was surrounded by a 4 metre deep moat.
In 1364 the nearby town Miskolc was annexed to the Diósgyőr estate. In 1381 the Peace Treaty of Turin was signed in the castle of Diósgyőr. In the treaty the Italian town of Venice was compelled to raise the flag of the Anjou dynasty on the St. Mark square every Sunday. In the north-eastern tower of the castle there is a waxworks exhibition showing the wax figures of King Louis and the Venetian envoy.
Diósgyőr lost some of its importance when the personal union between Hungary and Poland ended (Louis shared the two countries between his two daughters Mary and Jadwiga.) For the next few centuries the castle was a holiday residence for queens. The last queen owning the castle was Maria, wife of Louis II. She gave up the castle formally in 1546 (by this time it has been occupied by the ruling prince of Transylvania.)
When the Ottoman army began to occupy the southern territories of Hungary, the castle was fortified. Its owners, the Gyarmati Balassa family turned it into a large fortress, and they had an Italian-style rondelle built to the north-western tower. The slim turrets were replaced by strong bastions. This was the last time the castle was rebuilt; after 1564 the owners changed frequently, and the castle slowly deteriorated. In 1596 the Ottoman army occupied the Castle of Eger and defeated the Christian army at Mezőkeresztes. The castle of Diósgyőr fell too; it was built to be a holiday residence and was never intended to be a large fortress that withstands the siege of a foreign army. From this time Diósgyőr was under Ottoman occupation and the area was ruled by the Pasha of Eger until 1687 when this part of the country was freed from Turkish rule. By this time the castle lost all of its military importance.
A vár falán emléktábla állít emléket Petőfi Sándornak,
aki 1847. július 8-án a diósgyőri várban járt.
A költő a várból nézte végig a naplementét,
ami Alkony című versét ihlette.
On the wall of the castle there is a memorial plate commemorating the visit of the famous poet Sándor Petőfi to Diósgyőr on July 8, 1847. He wrote his poem Alkony ("Sunset") here.
Az északkeleti torony vármúzeumában állították ki annak a képnek az eredetijét, mely a 200 forintos bankjegy hátulján látható.
Az északkeleti torony vármúzeumában állították ki annak a képnek az eredetijét, mely a 200 forintos bankjegy hátulján látható.
In the museum of the north-eastern tower visitors can see the original of the picture which can be seen on the back of the 200 Forint banknote.
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